Introduction

National Pediatric Cancer Surveillance Annual Report（2022）reports the hospitalization characteristics and the epidemiological characteristics of new cases among children with cancer in different cancer groups，regions，sex and age groups in China within the surveillance system，and shows the estimated incidence rates of childhood cancer in different cancer groups，sex and age groups from 2019 to 2020 in China based on International Classification of Childhood Cancer，third edition.

There are eight chapters in this annual report.The policy background，objectives and tasks，methods，and quality control of the nationwide pediatric cancer surveillance work are primarily introduced in Chapters 1-3.The statistical classification and indicators，analytical methodologies，data scope，and quality control outcomes are mostly introduced in Chapters 4-5.Chapter 6 describes the hospitalization characteristics of children with cancer in six regions by overall and 11 main cancer groups within the surveillance system，including disease composition of discharges，distribution of provincial-level regions receiving medical treatment，expenses per hospitalization，and the length of hospital stay.Chapter 7 mainly introduces the epidemiological characteristics of new incidence cases among children with cancer in six regions，and five age groups/sex composition by overall and 11 cancer groups within the surveillance system，including the cancer spectrum，and the regional distribution，subgroups and age/sex composition of 11 main cancer groups.Chapter 8 mainly shows the estimated incidence rates of childhood cancer in China from 2019 to 2020，including the cancer spectrum characteristics nationwide and in different sex，and the incidence rates of 11 main cancer groups by subgroup and age/sex.

This annual report，under the guidance of the National Health Commission，comprehensively，objectively，dimensionally，and systematically analyzes the hospitalization characteristics and current epidemiological status among children with cancer in China based on national surveillance data，providing not only a reference for experts and scholars in the fields of pediatric cancer clinical medicine，epidemiology，management，and others，but also scientific data support for the prevention and control of childhood cancer in China.